Research is focused on acute, chronic and post-operative pain in children. Regional anesthesia is used routinely in children for post surgery pain and children are not small adults. They have specific needs in terms of analgesics and different profiles in terms of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of local anesthetics and other analgesics. As far as chronic pain is concerned, children have pain syndromes that differ from those of adults in their symptomatology and how they respond to treatment. Children are also part of the family unit and are not always able to advocate for themselves or make decisions in their own treatments.